Raindrops fall on sloping land, more of splash goes downhill than uphill 1. Wind is an element that speeds the erosion process. Explain how waves, wind, water, and glacial movement shape and reshape. When students draw, describe and doodle about the 3 types of wind erosion they create lasting visual images to support their earth science learning.
Features produced by wind erosion geography alevel revision. Good soil is a precious resource that takes a long time to form. Deflation is further broken down into three categories. In accordance with these agents, erosion is sometimes divided into water erosion, glacial. Wind moves across the land in a turbulent, erratic fashion. The power of wind to erode depends on particle size, wind strength, and whether the particles are able to be picked up. Explain how physical and chemical weathering lead to erosion and the formation of soils and sediments. The phrase wind erosion describes the way air movement breaks down stones, rocks and other formations of solid matter on the earths surface. Eroded soil endangers water resources by reducing water quality and causing the siltation of aquatic habitat for fish and other desirable species.
Raindrops falling on level bare soils, wo wind, sppqy,latter equally in all directions, soil removed matched by soil redeposited from another area iii. Land may become susceptible to wind erosion through grazing. Following topics are covered in the pdf file given at the bottom of this article geomorphic process exogenetic forces. Weathering, erosion, and deposition weathering weathering the breakdown of rocks into soil types of weathering. An overview of the wind erosion prediction system introduction soil erosion by wind is a serious problem in the united states and the world. These are worn or depended hollows in a desert surface caused by wind action.
The classes of accelerated erosion that follow apply to both water and wind erosion. Erosion and deposition by wind earth science in maine. Wind energy also has great power to dislodge surface soil particles, and transport them great distances. The critical wind erosion period is that part of the year when agricultural fields are particularly vulnerable to wind erosion. Kinetic energy is the primary force in wind erosion. When the wind speed at the soil surface exceeds 21 kilometers per hour about. Significant wind erosion occurs when strong winds blow over lighttextured soils that have been heavily grazed during periods of. Wind erosion management natural resources south australia. Soil nutrient redistribution by wind erosion article pdf available in journal of soil and water conservation 532. Pdf on jan 1, 2009, john tatarko and others published principles of wind erosion and its control find, read and cite all the.
Water erosion covers all forms of soil erosion by water, including sheet and rill erosion and gullying. These soil particles may or may not leave the field or area from which they were eroded. Describe the type of deposits formed by windborne silts and clays. However, if the soil is almost pure clay with clods that break down under saltation, a high percentage of soil loss will be by suspension. For other undesirable effects of the wind erosion process, e. This article throws light upon the eight main types of water erosion. In this activity, students look at the causes and effects of 3 types of erosion and deposition. Types and forms of erosion by water and by wind food and. Physical weathering any process that causes a rock to crack or break into pieces without changing it 2. Geography for upsc civil services general studies paper, capf. The extent of movement depends on the amount of soil moved depends on the size of the soil particles, the cloddiness of the soil particles and the velocity of the wind wind velocity. This leaflet explains the different types of erosion on the north coast.
Erosion occurs at the earths surface, and has no effect on the earths mantle and core most of the energy that makes erosion happen is provided by the sun. Covering soil with plants is one way to reduce wind erosion. The two other main forces that cause erosion is wind and ice. It is a common phenomenon occurring mostly in flat, bare areas. Then approximately 65 tha was eroded from this valuable cropland during one winter figure 1. These actions depend mainly on the type of soil, the climate, the vegetation cover, the speed and frequency of wind. It is a geological process, and part of the rock cycle.
Mf2860 principles of wind erosion and its control usda ars. Erosion is a process where natural forces like water, wind, ice, and gravity transport rocks and soil. Whatever the soil type, avoid overworking soils as this creates more small particles. A strong, turbulent wind, coupled with highly erodible field conditions, causes wind erosion. It is a dynamic, physical process where loose, dry, bare soils are transported by strong winds.
Wind erosion occurs when soil particles are detached, transported, and deposited by the wind. The main agents of erosion are water, wind and gravity. Erosion preceded by the destruction of the crumb structure due to the impact of falling raindrop on the surface of soil is termed as splash erosion. Erosion is a natural process but is often intensified by human land use practices. Kevin virani, faculty spipa videos not available but pdfs of the powerpoints themselves cover all the descriptions language. Use a retort stand if you have one or otherwise find a way to suspend a small container of water to drip onto the salt block this will simulate erosion in your classroom. Poster depicting crop types and planting methods for wind erosion control. Wind erosion wind erosion is the form of soil degradation by the action of the wind which abrades, transports and deposes soil sand particles. In earth science, erosion is the action of surface processes such as water flow or wind that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the earths crust, and then transports it to another location not to be confused with weathering which involves no movement. Wind blown sands erode the soft rock leaving the rocks standing. This is a fun way to have students really think about erosion and depos. Plants and their roots help hold the soil in place. Introduction purpose during the construction process, soil is highly vulnerable to erosion by wind and water. The word erosion is derived from the latin rodere meaning to gnaw, the same root that gives us the word rodent.
Significant wind erosion occurs when strong winds blow over lighttextured soils that have been heavily grazed during periods of drought. One of the best places on earth to see the effects of wind erosion is. They cut out and matchup the definitioncauses and effectswith a picture of each type of erosion and a real world example of each. Wind erosion refers to the detachment, transport, and deposition of sediment by wind. It is the objective of this paper to illustrate how one. Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, it is one form of soil degradation. Soils that are pure sand will move almost completely by surface creep and saltation. Wind erosion refers to loss of soil by wind, occurring primarily in dry regions. This is the type of erosion that results from runoff that spreads across the soil surface during. The direction, velocity, duration, and variability of the wind all affect the erosion that occurs from a windstorm.
Doodle notes encourage crosslateral brain activity and can improve retention of new content. Its very important to control wind erosion of soil. C is the local wind erosion climatic factor product of average wind velocity and average moisture of soil surfacek is the soil surface roughness expressed in height of ridges. When the force of wind is exerted on a land surface, the soil moves. Wind erosion is a threat to agriculture and the earths natural resources. There are two main types of erosion that can have an effect on the south east landscape. Erosion simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Tables listing the prevailing wind erosion direction by month for many locations in the united states are available see nrcs weq web site address at the end of this document. Chemical weathering any process that causes rocks to breakdown by chemical action. A dramatic example of this was the wind erosion in kansas during the winter of 19951996, when it was relatively dry and windy. It renders soil less productive by removing the most fertile part of the soil, namely, the clays and organic matter. It is one of the processes leading to desertification. On some light soils, such as takapau, one cultivation can be too many. Wind erosion is a serious environmental problem attracting the attention of many across the globe. Use the terms in the list below to complete the concept maps. These sources typically are characterized by nonhomogeneous surfaces impregnated with nonerodible elements particles larger than approximately 1 centimeter cm in. Pdf principles of wind erosion and its control researchgate. Exogenic process mass movements glacier landforms land forms by sea water land forms by wind prologue geography series by dr. Prologue geomorphic process landforms types of weathering.
Wind erosion wind erosion occurs when the land surface is left bare in regions that are arid enough, as a result of low rainfall, to allow the soil to dry out, and flat enough to allow the wind to carry the soil away over several consecutive days. It is the fairly uniform removal of soil in thin layers from the land surface, often scarcely perceptible, especially when caused by wind. The suns energy causes the movement of water and ice in the water cycle and the. Wind erosion damages land and natural vegetation by removing soil from one place and. Raindrops more responsible for sheet erosion than surface flow of water ii. Once you download the quiz you will receive two of the same quizzes on o. Wind erosion occurs in three processes known as creeping, saltation and suspension. Some windfarms are so big that they could produce 50mw of power. Water erosion is very simplistically speaking caused by rainfall, river flow, waves wave action, hydraulic action and abrasion, corrosion, glacier movement, thawing, etc. Well, coming to working of wind turbines, the story remains same as other turbines. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice glaciers, snow. Wind sculpts stratified rock into pedestals by wind abrasion and weathering, e.
A wind erosion equation, which estimates potential erosion from a particular field, and the conditions necessary to reduce potential erosion to tolerable amounts are discussed. Discuss several ways that wind erosion changes land surfaces. Humaninduced intensification of landsliding, caused by vegetation clearance, road construction, etc. Erosion control blankets erosion control blankets are usually woven from a chosen material and are meant to slow down the speed at which water moves across the surface. They are not applicable to landslip or tunnel erosion. Wind erosion is a threat to the sustainability of the land as well as the viability and quality of life for rural and urban communities. Wind can erode nonvegetated areas and was responsible for the great dust bowl in the early 1900s.
Introduction wind erosion damages soil, crops and the environment by reducing soil pro ductivity, affecting plant emergence, quality and yield, and increasing atmos. Soil may blow into, within, and out of a field in several directions in a single storm. Significant wind erosion occurs when strong winds blow over lighttextured soils that have been heavily grazed. These processes are essential to the formation of soil, from which the food you eat grows. Wind erosion is a common cause of land degradation in the arid and semi arid grazing lands of inland queensland. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice glaciers, snow, air wind, plants, animals, and humans. The material chosen is usually something with lots of ridges and obstructions for the water to slow down on.
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